The Coo Effect in the International Brand Positioning Strategy

Autores

  • Barbara Kobuszewski Volles Regional University of Blumenau - FURB
  • Marianne Hoeltgebaum Regional University of Blumenau-FURB
  • Halissa Odebrecht da Silva Regional University of Blumenau - FURB
  • Navid Ghannad Halmstad University

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.24023/FutureJournal/2175-5825/2016.v8i3.279

Palavras-chave:

brand positioning, country-of-origin, Chinese companies, general attributes, COO effects

Resumo

 

Abstract

Purpose: This study aims to develop a model in order to understand how Chinese companies strategically position their brands, considering the causes of the country of origin (COO) effect, when going through the process of internationalization.

Design/methodology/approach: The study approach a qualitative case study that incorporates two different Chinese companies with subsidiaries settled in Brazil. It was conducted depth interviews with different components of the studied firms.

Findings: In this way, it was developed a model that try to explain the positive and/or negative effect of general attributes from China (labor market, institution framework and education) on the brand positioning divers (value preposition, points of leverage, primary target and image reinforcement), which influences on the cost-benefit strategy approach of the brands when positioning internationally.

Research limitations/implications: Considering that this research is a qualitative study of two Chinese companies, further qualitative and quantitative studies would be fruitful to the validity of the presented model.

Originality/value: In order to contribute to the academic field, it was found that this research present a unique model considering different causes of the COO effect that might affect the international branding positioning.  

 

Downloads

Não há dados estatísticos.

Referências

Aaker, D. (1996). Building strong brands. New York: The Free Press.

Aaker, D., Kumar, V., Leone, P., and Day, S. (2013). Marketing Research. Singapore: Wiley.

Agrawal, J., and Kamakura, W. A. (1999). Country of origin: A competitive advantage?. International Journal of Research in Marketing, 16(4), 255-267.

AHK China (2014). German Chamber of Commerce in China: Labor Market and Salary Report 2014/15

Almli, V. L., Verbeke, W., Vanhonacker, F., Næs, T., and Hersleth, M. (2011). General image and attribute perceptions of traditional food in six European countries. Food Quality and Preference, 22(1), 129-138.

Alpha. (2013). Annual Report 2013. Retrieved April 29, 2014, from ZTE Corporation: http://wwwen.zte.com.cn/en/about/investor_relations/corporate_report/annual_report/201404/P020140408599365909862.pdfrs attitudes towards imports: The measurement of national stereotyp

Bannister, J. P., and Saunders, J. A. (1978). UK consumee image. European Journal of Marketing, pp. 562-570.

Blankson, C., P. Kalafatis, S., Coffie, S., and H. Tsogas, M. (2014). Comparisons of media types and congruence in positioning of service brands. Journal of Product and Brand Management, 23(3), 162-179.

Beta a. (2014). Como a JAC Motors chegou ao Brasil. Retrieved April 28, 2014, from JAC Motors: http://www.jacmotorsbrasil.com.br/como-jac-motors-chegou-ao-brasil

Beta b. (2014, April 28). JAC no mundo. Retrieved April 28, 2014, from JAC Motors Brasil: http://www.jacmotorsbrasil.com.br/jac-no-mundo

Beverland, M., Napoli, J. and Lindgreen, A. (2007), “Industrial global brand leadership: a capabilities view”, Industrial Marketing Management, Vol. 36, pp. 1082-1093.

Berry, L. L. (2000). Cultivating service brand equity. Journal of the academy of Marketing Science, 28(1), 128-137.

Bryman, A., and Bell, E. (2011). Business Research Methods. New York: Oxford University Press Inc.

Bilkey, W. J., and Nes, E. (1982). Country-of-origin effects on product evaluations. Journal of international business studies, 13(1), 89-100.

Casotti, B. P., and Goldenstein, M. (2008). Panorama do Setor Automotivo: as mudanças estruturais da indústria e as perspectivas para o Brasil. BNDES Setorial, Rio de Janeiro, (28), 147-187.

Cardoso, D. (2013). China-Brazil: A Strategic Partnership in an Evolving World Order. East Asia, 30(1), 35-51.

Cateora, P. R., and Graham, J. L. (2013). International Marketing. New York: McGraw-Hill .

China Brazil Business Consul (CBBC). (2013). Chinese Investments in Brazil from 2012-2013: A review of recent trends. Brazil. Retrieved June 10th from: http://www.cebc.org.br/

De Chernatony, L. (1999). Brand management through narrowing the gap between brand identity and brand reputation. Journal of Marketing Management, 15(1-3), 157-179.

Deutsche Bank Markets Research (2014). Strategy: China: Themes and strategy for 2014.

Doyle, P. (1990). Building successful brands: the strategic options. Journal of consumer Marketing, 7(2), 5-20.

Douglas, S.P. and Craig, C.S. (1995), Global Marketing Strategy, McGraw-Hill, New York, NY, p. 554.

Douglas, S. P., and Craig, C. S. (2013). Dynamics of international brand architecture: Overview and directions for future research. DYNAMICS, 21.

Essoussi, L. H., and Merunka, D. (2007). Consumers' product evaluations in emerging markets: Does country of design, country of manufacture, or brand image matter? International Marketing Review, pp. 409-426.

Fetscherin, M., and Toncar, M. (2010). The effects of the country of brand and the country of manufacturing of automobiles: An experimental study of consumers' brand personality perceptions. International Marketing Review,27(2), 164-178.

Fuchs, C., and Diamantopoulos, A. (2010). Evaluating the Effectiveness of Brand-Positioning Strategies from a Consumer Perspective. European Journal of Marketing.

FutureBrand (2014). Made In: The value of country of origin for future brands. London

Ghosh, A.K. and Chakraborty, G. (2004), “Using positioning models to measure and manage brand uncertainty”, Journal of Product and Brand Management, Vol. 13 Nos 4/5, pp. 294-302

Ghauri, P., and Cateora, P. (2010). International Marketing. London: McGraw-Hill.

Ghiasy, R., Mothe, S., and Pontemayor, F. (2013). China’s Developing World Edge. Retrieved May 3, 2014, from The Diplomat: http://thediplomat.com/2013/09/chinas-developing-world-edge/

Guilhon-Albuquerque, J. A. (2014). Brazil, China, US: a triangular relation?.Revista Brasileira de Política Internacional, 57(SPE), 108-120.

Gürhan-Canli, Z., and Maheswaran, D. (2000). Determinants of country-of-origin evaluations. Journal of Costumer Research, pp. 96-108.

Hassan, S. S., and Craft, S. (2012). Examining world market segmentation and brand positioning strategies. Journal of Consumer marketing, 29(5), 344-356.

Hansen, K., and Singh, V. (2008). Does Store Brand Create Store Loyalty? An Empirical Investigation. Management Science, 1828 - 1834.

Hassan, S., and Craft, S. (2002). Examining world market segmentation and brand positioning strategies. Journal of Consumer marketing, pp. 344-356.

Häubl, G. (1996). A cross-national investigation of the effects of country of origin and brand name on the evaluation of a new car. International Marketing Review, 13(5), 76-97.

Herrmann, A., and Huber, F. (2000). Value-oriented brand positioning. International Review of Retail, Distribution and Consumer Research, pp. 95-112.

Hooley, G. J., David Shipley, and Nathalie Krieger (1988), "A Method for Modelling Consumer Perceptions of Country of Origin," International Marketing Review, 5 (Autumn), 67-76.

Ingenhoff, D., and Fuhrer, T. (2010). Positioning and differentiation by using brand personality attributes: Do mission and vision statements contribute to building a unique corporate identity?. Corporate Communications: An International Journal, 15(1), 83-101.

Jalkala, A. M., and Keränen, J. (2014). Brand positioning strategies for industrial firms providing customer solutions. Journal of Business and Industrial Marketing, 253 – 264.

Jo, M. S., Nakamoto, K., and Nelson, J. E. (2003). The shielding effects of brand image against lower quality countries-of-origin in global manufacturing.Journal of Business Research, 56(8), 637-646.

Johansson, J. K., Douglas, S. P., and Nonaka, I. (1985). Assessing the impact of country of origin on product evaluations: a new methodological perspective. Journal of Marketing Research, 388-396.

Kabadayi, S., and Lerman, D. (2011). Made in China but sold at FAO Schwarz: country-of-origin effect and trusting beliefs. International Marketing Review,28(1), 102-126.

Katsumata, S., and Song, J. (2016). The reciprocal effects of country-of-origin on product evaluation: An empirical examination of four countries. Asia Pacific Journal of Marketing and Logistics, 28(1), 92-106.

Keller, K. (1993). Conceptualizing,measuring and managing customer based brand equity. Journal of Marketing, pp. 1-22.

Keller, K. L., Sternthal, B., and Tybout, A. (2002). Three questions you need to ask about your brand. Harward Business Review, 1-8.

Keller, K.L. and Lehmann, D.R. (2006), “Brands and branding: research findings and future priorities”, Marketing Science, Vol. 25 No. 6, pp. 740-759.

Keller, K., Aperia, T., and Georgson, M. (2008). Strategic brand managements - A European perspective. England: Pearson Education Limited.

Kinra, N. 2006. The effect of country-of-origin on foreign brand names in the Indian market. Marketing Intelligence and Planning, 24(1): 15–30.

Kotler, P. and Pfoertsch, W. (2007), “Being known or being one of many: the need for brand management for businessto-business (B2B) companies”, Journal of Business and Industrial Marketing, Vol. 22 No. 6, pp. 357-362.

Kotler, P., Marketing Management, 7th ed., Englewood Clifee, New Jersey: Prentice-Hall 1997.

Lee, H. M., and Lee, C. C. (2011). Country-of-origin and brand redeployment impact after brand acquisition. Journal of Consumer Marketing, 28(6), 412-420.

Leclerc, F., Schmitt, B. H., and Dubé, L. (1994). Foreign branding and its effects on product perceptions and attitudes. Journal of marketing Research, 263-270.

Leonidou, L. C., Palihawadana, D., and Talias, M. A. 2007. British consumers’ evaluations of US versus Chinese goods: A multilevel and multi-cue comparison. European Journal of Marketing, 41(7/8): 786–820.

Loussiaef, L. (2001). The consumer sensitivity to the perceived national origin of (PNO) brands. In D. Rahtz, and P. McDonagh (Eds.), Globalization and Equity: Proceedings Macromarketing Conference, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia (pp. 70-73).

Maarit Jalkala, A., and Keränen, J. (2014). Brand positioning strategies for industrial firms providing customer solutions. Journal of Business and Industrial Marketing, 29(3), 253-264.

McCormack, J. P., Cagan, J., and Vogel, C. M. (2004). Speaking the Buick language: capturing, understanding, and exploring brand identity with shape grammars. Design studies, 25(1), 1-29.

Macedo, B. V. D. (2014). O Great Game tecnológico das multinacionais chinesas de TELECOM e seus impactos sobre o Brasil.

Mendes, C. A. (2013). China in South America: Argentina, Brazil and Venezuela. East Asia, 30(1), 1-5.

Nebenzahl, I. D., and Jaffe, E. D. (1997). Measuring the joint effect of brand and country image in consumer evaluation of global products. Journal of Marketing Practice: Applied Marketing Science, 3(3), 190-207.

Novak, E., and Lyman, M. (1998). Brand Positioning: The Art of Retying Connections. The Electricity Journal, pp. 17-22.

Oxford Economics. (2014). PWC: Capital project and infrastructure spending Outlook to 2025.

Pisharodi, R. M., and Parameswaran, R. (1992). Confirmatory factor analysis of a country-of-origin scale: initial results. Advances in consumer research,19(1), 706-714.

Parameswaran, R., and Pisharodi, R. M. (1994). Facets of Country of Origin Image: An empirical assessment. Journal of Advertising , pp. 43-56.

Pharr, J. M. (2005). Synthesizing country-of-origin research from the last decade: is the concept still salient in an era of global brands?. Journal of Marketing Theory and Practice, 34-45.

Pereira, A., Hsu, C. C., and Kundu, S. K. (2005). Country-of-origin image: measurement and cross-national testing. Journal of Business Research,58(1), 103-106.

Peterson, R. A., and Joilbert, A. J. (1995). A meta-analysis of country-of-origin effects. Journal of International Business Studies, pp. 883-900.

Pecotich, A., and Ward, S. (2007). Global branding, country of origin and expertise: an experimental evaluation. International Marketing Review, 24(3), 271-296.

Pew Global. (2014, JULY 14). Pew Research. Retrieved May, 1st, 2015 from Pew Global: http://www.pewglobal.org/2014/07/14/chapter-2-chinas-image/

Prange, C. (2012). Ambidextroues internationalization strategies. Organizational Dynamics, pp. 245-253.

Randall, G. (2000). Branding. London, UK: Kogan Page Limited.

Rapoza, K. (2014, January 07). Where emerging countries are going this year. Retrieved May 3, 2014, from Forbes: http://www.forbes.com/sites/kenrapoza/2014/01/07/where-emerging-markets-are-going-this-year/

Ries, A. and Trout, J. (1986), Positioning: The Battle for Your Mind, McGraw-Hill, New York, NY.

Ries, A. (1996), Focus: The Future of Your Company Depends on It, Harper Collins, New York, NY.

Sagar, M., Khandelwal, R., Mittal, A., and Singh, D. (2011). Ethical Positioning Index (EPI: an innovative tool for differential brand positioning. Corporate Communications, pp. 124-138.

Samiee, S. (1994). Customer evaluation of products in a global market. Journal of Marketing Research, pp. 579-604.

Stevens, C. E., and Dykes, B. J. (2013). The home country cultural determinants of firms' foreign market entry timing strategies. Long Range Planning, 46(4), 387-410.

Schawab, K. (2013). The Global Competitiveness Report. Switzerland.

Sharma, P. (2011). Country of origin effects in developed and emerging markets: Exploring the contrasting roles of materialism and value consciousness. Journal of International Business Studies, 42(2), 285-306.

Schept, K. (2014). BrandZ: Most valuable Chinese brands top 50.

Millward Brown.

Schooler, R. (1965). Product bias in the Central American Common Market. Journal of Marketing Research, pp. 394-397.

Shenkar, O. (2009). Becoming multinational: challenges for Chinese firms. . Journal of Economic and Foreign Trae Studies, pp. 149-162.

Schuiling, I., and Kapferer, J. N. (2004). Executive insights: real differences between local and international brands: strategic implications for international marketers. Journal of International Marketing, 1

Tauber, E. M. (1993). Fit and leverage in brand extensions. Brand Equity and Advertising, Hillsdale/NJ, 313-318.

Touzani, M., Fatma, S., and Mouna Meriem, L. (2015). Country-of-origin and emerging countries: revisiting a complex relationship. Qualitative Market Research: An International Journal, 18(1).

UNCTAD, U. N. (2014). World Investment Report 2014: INVESTING IN THE SDGs: AN ACTION PLAN. United Nations publication. Retrieved May 5, 2015, from UNCTAD: http://unctad.org/en/pages/PublicationWebflyer.aspx?publicationid=937

Urde, M. (2003). Core value-based corporate brand building. European Journal of Marketing, 37(7/8), 1017-1040.

Wang, X., and Yang, Z. 2008. Does country-of-origin matter in the relationship between brand personality and purchase intention in emerging economies? Evidence from China’s auto industry. International Marketing Review, 25(4): 458–474.

WorldBank. 2013. Worldwide governance indicators. Retrieved May 1st, 2015, from

http://info.worldbank.org/governance/wgi/index.aspx#reports

Wind, Y. (1986), “The myth of globalization”, Journal of Consumer Marketing, Vol. 3, Spring, pp. 23-6.

Yasin, N. M., Noor, M. N., and Mohamad, O. (2007). Does image of country-of-origin matter to brand equity? Journal of Product and Brand Management, pp. 38-48.

Yin, R. K. (2014). Case study research: Design and methods. CA: Sage.

Yunus, N. S. N. M., and Rashid, W. E. W. (2016). The Influence of Country-of-origin on Consumer Purchase Intention: The Mobile Phones Brand from China. Procedia Economics and Finance, 37, 343-349.

Zhang, Y. (1997). Country-of-origin effect: The moderating fucntion of individual difference in information processing. International Marketing Review, pp. 266-287.

Publicado

2016-12-20

Como Citar

Kobuszewski Volles, B., Hoeltgebaum, M., Odebrecht da Silva, H., & Ghannad, N. (2016). The Coo Effect in the International Brand Positioning Strategy. Future Studies Research Journal: Trends and Strategies [FSRJ], 8(3), 200–226. https://doi.org/10.24023/FutureJournal/2175-5825/2016.v8i3.279

Artigos Semelhantes

<< < 1 2 3 > >> 

Você também pode iniciar uma pesquisa avançada por similaridade para este artigo.